What Is Tennis Elbow?
Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) is a painful overuse condition of the tendons that attach to the outer bony bump of the elbow — the lateral epicondyle. It is caused by small tears and degeneration in the extensor tendons, most often the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), from repetitive gripping, lifting, and wrist motion. Despite the name, the large majority of patients develop it through work, hobbies, or daily activity rather than tennis.
Symptoms
- Pain and tenderness over the outer (lateral) elbow
- Pain that radiates down the forearm toward the wrist
- Weakened grip — difficulty holding a coffee cup, shaking hands, or turning a doorknob
- Pain that worsens with lifting, gripping, or extending the wrist
- Stiffness in the morning or after periods of rest
Treatment Options
Activity Modification & Bracing
Most cases improve with rest, ergonomic changes, and a counterforce brace that offloads the affected tendon. This is the foundation of treatment and resolves many cases over time.
Physical Therapy
A structured program emphasizing eccentric strengthening and stretching helps the tendon heal and rebuild capacity. Therapy is one of the most effective non-surgical treatments and reduces recurrence.
Corticosteroid or Other Injections
An injection can provide meaningful short-term relief when pain limits function or therapy. Dr. Richards will discuss the role and timing of injections, including their benefits and limitations, as part of an individualized plan.
Surgery
When symptoms persist beyond 6–12 months despite appropriate conservative care, surgery to remove the diseased portion of the tendon and stimulate healing is highly effective. It can be performed through a small open incision or arthroscopically, and most patients return to full activity after a period of recovery and rehabilitation.